![]() ![]() This term applies only to Stratus and Cumulus. Fractus: Clouds in the form of irregular shreds, which have a clearly ragged appearance.This term applies mainly to Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus and Stratocumulus. Such clouds appear most often in cloud formations of orographic origin, but may also occur in regions without marked orography. Lenticularis: Clouds having the shape of lenses or almonds, often very elongated and usually with well-defined outlines they occasionally show irisations.This term applies mainly to Cirrostratus and Stratus. Nebulosus: A cloud like a nebulous or ill-defined veil or layer of clouds showing no distinct details.This term applies to Altocumulus, Stratocumulus and, occasionally, Cirrocumulus. Stratiformis: Clouds spread out in an extensive horizontal sheet or layer.This term applies to Cirrus, Cirrocumulus, Altocumulus and Stratocumulus. Floccus: A species in which each cloud unit is a small tuft with a cumuliform appearance, the lower part of which is more or less ragged and often accompanied by virga.This term applies to Cirrus, Cirrocumulus, Attocumulus and Stratocumulus. The castellanus character is especially evident when the clouds are seen from the side. Castellanus: Clouds that present, in at least some portion of their upper part, cumuliform protuberances in the form of turrets or towers (crenellated), some of which are taller than they are wide, and are connected by a common base and seem to be arranged in lines.Cirrus spissatus often originates from the upper part of a Cumulonimbus. Spissatus: Cirrus in patches, sufficiently dense to appear greyish when viewed towards the sun it may also veil the Sun, obscure its outline or even hide it.Uncinus: Cirrus without grey parts, often shaped like a comma, terminating at the top in a hook, or in a tuft, the upper part of which is not in the form of a rounded protuberance.This term applies mainly to Cirrus and Cirrostratus Fibratus: Detached clouds or a thin cloud veil, consisting of nearly straight or more or less irregularly curved filaments that do not terminate in hooks or tufts.A cloud may bear the name of only one species. A cloud is therefore identified by a Latin name made up of the genus followed by a specific name alluding to a characteristic shape or structure. Most genera are subdivided int species based on the shape of the clouds or their Internal structure. (9) Cumulonimbus (Cb) (Cb) - Thunderstorm.(7) Stratus (St) - layer of uniform cloud.(6) Stratocumulus (Sc) - layer of relatively small lumps and heaps (cumuliform) of cloud.Low level cloud Low level cloud, described as having a base below about 6,500 feet, is of most interest to pilots and controllers because of the impact on the safe conduct of flight particularly with regard to poor visibility, turbulence and structural damage, icing, and runway contamination. (5) Nimbostratus (Ns) - thick layer of rain bearing cloud.(4) Altostratus (As) - thin uniform layer of cloud.(3) Altocumulus (Ac) - thin layer of lumps or heaps of cloud.Mid level cloud Mid level cloud is cloud with a base above about 6,500 feet. (2) Cirrostratus (Cs) - thin uniform cover of cloud.(1) Cirrocumulus (Cc) - thin granular layer of small lumps of cloud.High level cloud High level cloud refers to cloud with a base above 20,000 feet. Each observed cloud is a member of one, and only one, genus. The classification of clouds has 10 main groups, or genera. Clouds sometimes have supplementary features or accessory clouds. ![]() Altocumulus stratiformis duplicatus (a stratiform species of altocumulus that occurs in two or more layers). A cloud may be described in terms of genera, species and variety e.g. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) cloud classification scheme uses genera, species and varieties in its International Cloud Atlas. Luke Howard, an amateur meteorologist, first classified the various clouds based on their appearance in 1802. The three principle families of clouds have the Latin names cirrus (meaning "fibre" or "hair"), cumulus ("heap or "pile"), and Stratus ("layer" or "sheet"). Clouds change their shape according to processes in the atmosphere and have many individual shapes but only a very few basic forms. ![]()
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